GSK_ Annual_Report_2021-22

GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited | Annual Report 2021-22 Notes to the Standalone Financial Statements for the year ended March 31, 2022 124 For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks, short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value. k) Foreign currency transactions Items included in the standalone financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (‘the functional currency’). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), which is Company’s functional and presentation currency. Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other expenses/ income. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss. For example, translation differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities such as equity instruments held at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as part of the fair value gain or loss and translation differences on non-monetary assets such as equity investments classified as FVOCI are recognised in other comprehensive income. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated. l) Taxes Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax. Current tax charge is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the statement of profit and loss because some items of income or expense are taxable or deductible in different years or may never be taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using Indian tax rates and laws that have been enacted by the reporting date. Current tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority. The Company periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate. Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable in the future arising from temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. It is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are off-set against each other and the resultant net amount is presented in the balance sheet, if and only when the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set-off the current income tax assets and liabilities. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Current and deferred tax is recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.